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VAT Calculator

Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price. Works for all UK VAT rates.

£
20% Standard
5% Reduced
0% Zero
Custom
Net vs VAT
Net (ex. VAT)
VAT amount
Gross (inc. VAT)

About the VAT Calculator

VAT (Value Added Tax) is applied at three rates in the UK. The standard rate of 20% applies to most goods and services. The reduced rate of 5% applies to domestic fuel, children's car seats, and some renovation work. The zero rate (0%) applies to most food, children's clothing and books.

VAT-registered businesses charge VAT on their sales (output tax) and reclaim VAT on their purchases (input tax), paying HMRC the difference. Businesses must register for VAT once their taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any rolling 12-month period (2025/26 threshold).

This calculator handles the most common calculation: adding 20% VAT to a net price, or removing 20% VAT from a gross price. Switch between standard (20%), reduced (5%) and zero (0%) rates using the buttons.

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How to use the VAT Calculator

1
Enter your price — net or gross
2
Choose your VAT rate — 20%, 5% or custom
3
Select Add or Remove
4
Tap Calculate — see VAT amount and both prices

VAT on common prices (20% standard rate)

How much 20% VAT is added to a net price, and the gross total you pay. To work backwards from a gross price, switch to Remove VAT mode.

Net priceVAT (20%)Gross
£10.00£2.00£12.00
£50.00£10.00£60.00
£100.00£20.00£120.00
£250.00£50.00£300.00
£500.00£100.00£600.00
£1,000.00£200.00£1,200.00

Frequently Asked Questions

ℹ️ Accuracy note: Uses current UK VAT rates: 20% standard, 5% reduced, 0% zero-rated. Based on HMRC published rates. Last verified: April 2025.
20%. Reduced rate of 5% applies to home energy and some children's goods. Books, food and children's clothing are zero-rated.
Divide by 1.2 for 20% VAT — or use this calculator with "Remove VAT" selected.
Only VAT-registered businesses. Registration is required when taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 (2024/25).
The UK VAT registration threshold for 2025/26 is £90,000. If your taxable turnover exceeds this in any rolling 12-month period, you must register for VAT within 30 days. Voluntary registration is available below this threshold — useful if you sell to VAT-registered businesses who can reclaim the VAT.
Zero-rated items (0% VAT but still VAT-applicable): most food, children's clothing, books, newspapers, public transport. Reduced-rate items (5%): domestic fuel, children's car seats, home insulation. Exempt items (no VAT): financial services, insurance, education, health. Businesses cannot reclaim input VAT on exempt supplies.
Yes, if you are VAT-registered, you can reclaim VAT on business purchases (input tax) by offsetting it against the VAT you charge customers (output tax). Submit VAT returns quarterly via HMRC's Making Tax Digital system, paying or receiving the net difference.
Multiply the net price by 1.2. For example, £100 + 20% VAT = £120. The calculator does this for you in Add VAT mode.
Divide the gross price by 1.2 (for 20% VAT). For example, £120 ÷ 1.2 = £100 net, so the VAT was £20. Use Remove VAT mode for any rate.